Two years after the Diffusion Fundamentals I Conference in Leipzig, the world-wide community of researchers in the field of diffusion is invited to L'Aquila to highlight the current developments in the field. Following the tradition of Diffusion Fundamentals I a Conference Volume with paintings of L'Aquila by the Japanese physicist and artist Taro Ito will appear as a souvenir for all participants. Diffusion Fundamentals II is co-organized by University College London, University of Leipzig and University of L'Aquila.